Elk City is a census-designated place in Idaho County, Idaho, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 170. Elk City was the site of a gold strike in 1861, as prospectors rushed south from Pierce, two years before the formation of the Idaho Territory. In the 1870s, Chinese miners leased the claims but were later driven out by mistreatment. …Elk City is a census-designated place in Idaho County, Idaho, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 170. Elk City was the site of a gold strike in 1861, as prospectors rushed south from Pierce, two years before the formation of the Idaho Territory. In the 1870s, Chinese miners leased the claims but were later driven out by mistreatment. Quartz lode operations began in 1902 and dredging in 1935.