Copper smelting is an intricate high‐temperature process that converts copper concentrates into purer metallic copper through a series of chemical and thermal reactions. Central to modern smelting ...

Wang tells PV Tech Premium that copper offers a ‘a compelling combination’ of traits to replace silver. Image: AIKO. This Premium article, which was one of the most read Premium articles in 2025, has ...

The solar industry has dragged its heels on the issue of silver-dependence for cell metallization, but China’s Jiangsu Xianghuan Technology (JXTC) is moving into commercial production with a copper ...

Additional critical mineral process improvements for the Alberta Hydrometallurgical Facility The NICO Project consists of a planned mine and concentrator in the Northwest Territories (“NWT”) and a ...

Rio Tinto is harnessing data and analytics services from AWS to optimise a process it’s championing to extract copper from ore. The miner said that AWS will also be the first customer of the copper ...