A few veins merge and drain into the IVC before it makes its way up to the heart: The left renal vein, the left adrenal vein, and left gonadal veins merge into the renal vein. On the right side ...

After it has been purified, the blood returns to the circulatory system through the renal vein. The kidneys produce urine and this helps maintain water balance. The urine is taken from the kidneys ...

One capsid, AAV-KP1, stood out as particularly effective when administered directly to the kidneys via the renal vein or pelvis, reaching kidney cells with minimal impact on the liver. In contrast ...