The Earth's interior is composed of four layers, three solid and one liquid—not magma but molten metal, nearly as hot as the surface of the sun. The deepest layer is a solid iron ball ...

Research on hidden structures deep within Earth’s mantle challenges theories about our planet’s middle layer and could ...

Sandwiched between those layers ... offer the longest-ever look at Earth's mesosphere. With 19 years' worth of data (September 2004 to December 2023), the model paints a picture of how the ...

New study reveals that Earth's inner core is undergoing unexpected structural changes, challenging long-held assumptions ...

The Earth is made up of different layers: Therefore, instead of tectonic plates moving because of the convection currents, evidence suggests it is the plates that drive the convection. Slab pull ...

so scientists rely on seismic waves to understand and model its structure. Seismic waves are shock waves that propagate through Earth's layers after an earthquake or explosive event, traveling at ...

Scientists have always been curious about the atmosphere surrounding us, but in the past, they could not just hop on a spaceship to see what was up there. Instead, scientists hiked up high ...

and lower thermospheric layer (about 90–110 km above Earth's surface) of the atmosphere, including the ignorosphere," explained Professor Kaoru Sato from the University of Tokyo. "If we can ...