The performance of the proposed particle swarm optimization algorithm is tested by random experiments. The experimental results show that the average deviation between the proposed PSO and the optimal ...

Alireza Sahebgharani, MULTI-OBJECTIVE LAND USE OPTIMIZATION THROUGH PARALLEL PARTICLE SWARM ALGORITHM, Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 1 (January to June 2016), pp. 42-49 ...

Although mathematically elegant, back-propagation isn't perfect. Instead consider using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to train your neural network; here's how.