The impulse is then passed to another node within the heart – the atrioventricular node (AVN). This node is in the lower part of the right atrium.

Also known as “cardiac resynchronization therapy,” biventricular pacing has been shown to improve HF symptoms in a majority of cases. The normal cardiac conduction system delivers the ...

Cardiac output can be calculated using the following equation: Stroke volume close stroke volumeThe volume of blood pumped from the heart with each beat. is the volume of blood pumped out of each ...