[1,2] Hypertrophic LE is similar to discoid LE ... surface of the arms and legs, the upper back, and the face. When the palms and soles are involved, hypertrophic lupus produces localized or ...

Lupus can cause hearing loss. This is often due to inflammation or immune responses affecting the inner ear. Symptoms can ...

Individuals with cutaneous lupus erythematosus have an increased ASCVD risk when compared with those without cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Objective Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in modulating the innate and adaptive immune response, but its role in cutaneous autoimmune diseases, such as cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE ...

All soon gained nuclear weapons that threatened to begin regional arms races. But a solid agreement between the two main Cold War protagonists limiting the stockpiles of nuclear weapons proved very ...

HCQ is recommended for all patients with lupus at a target dose 5 mg/kg real body weight/day, considering the individual’s risk for flares and retinal toxicity. GC are used as ‘bridging therapy’ ...