Laparotomy and laparoscopy are procedures that involve incisions in the abdominal area. Most ovarian cysts result in mild or no symptoms, but some ruptures can cause sudden pelvic pain.

Hysterectomy, either total or subtotal, may be performed by different techniques, including the vaginal route, laparotomy or laparoscopy. Vaginal hysterectomy was originally only used for uterine ...

Surgical approaches include hysteroscopy, laparotomy, laparoscopy and robot-assisted laparoscopy. Hysteroscopic methods are preferred for submucous myomas as they have a proven history of ...